| • FORM 10-Q • EXHIBIT 31.1 • EXHIBIT 31.2 • EXHIBIT 32.1 • EXHIBIT 32.2 • XBRL INSTANCE • XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA • XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION • XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION DEFINITION • XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABELS • XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
For the quarterly period ended May 31, 2012
OR
For the transition period from ______to ______
Commission File Number: 1-11869
FactSet Research Systems Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203) 810-1000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $.01 par value, on June 29, 2012 was 44,471,711.
FactSet Research Systems Inc.
Form 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended May 31, 2012
Index
For additional information about FactSet Research Systems Inc. and access to its Annual Reports to Stockholders and Securities and Exchange Commission filings, free of charge, please visit the website at http://investor.factset.com. Any information on or linked from the website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q.
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
FactSet Research Systems Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME – Unaudited
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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FactSet Research Systems Inc.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS – Unaudited
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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FactSet Research Systems Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – Unaudited
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FactSet Research Systems Inc.
May 31, 2012
(Unaudited)
1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS
FactSet Research Systems Inc. (the “Company” or “FactSet”) is a provider of integrated financial information and analytical applications to the global investment community. FactSet combines content regarding tens of thousands of companies and securities from major markets all over the globe into a single online platform of information and analytics. By consolidating content from hundreds of databases with powerful analytics, FactSet supports the investment process from initial research to published results for buy and sell-side professionals. These professionals include portfolio managers, research and performance analysts, risk managers, marketing professionals, sell-side equity research professionals, investment bankers and fixed income professionals. The Company’s applications provide users access to company analysis, multicompany comparisons, industry analysis, company screening, portfolio analysis, predictive risk measurements, alphatesting, portfolio optimization and simulation, real-time news and quotes and tools to value and analyze fixed income securities and portfolios. With Microsoft Office integration, wireless access and customizable options, FactSet offers a complete financial workflow solution. The Company’s revenues are derived from subscriptions to services such as workstations, content and applications.
As of May 31, 2012, the Company employed 5,455 employees, up 14% or 650 employees from a year ago. Of these employees, 1,742 were located in the U.S., 594 in Europe and 3,119 in Asia Pacific. Approximately 54% of employees are involved with content collection, 24% work in product development, software and systems engineering, another 19% conduct sales and consulting services and the remaining 3% provide administrative support.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
FactSet conducts business globally and is managed on a geographic basis. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany activity and balances have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements. Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts for prior years in order to conform to the current year’s presentation.
The accompanying financial data as of May 31, 2012 and for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 has been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The August 31, 2011 Consolidated Balance Sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The information in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying balance sheets and related interim statements of income and cash flows include all normal adjustments in order to present fairly the results of the Company’s operations for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
3. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance
Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements
On September 1, 2011, FactSet adopted guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) on disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. The guidance requires the disclosure of roll-forward activities on purchases, sales, issuance, and settlements of the assets and liabilities measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 fair value measurements). Adoption of this new guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
On March 1, 2012, FactSet adopted guidance issued by the FASB on accounting and disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. The guidance is the result of joint efforts by the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board to develop a single, converged fair value framework on how to measure fair value and what disclosures to provide about fair value measurements. The most significant change in disclosures is an expansion of the information required for Level 3 measurements based on unobservable inputs. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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No other new accounting pronouncements issued or effective during fiscal 2012 have had or are expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted
Balance Sheet Offsetting
In December 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard update requiring enhanced disclosures about certain financial instruments and derivative instruments that are offset in the balance sheet or that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements. This accounting standard update is effective for FactSet beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2014. Other than requiring additional disclosures, the adoption is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Presentation of Comprehensive Income
In June 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard update to provide guidance on increasing the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. The guidance eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of stockholders’ equity. Instead, it requires that the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The new guidance also required entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement in which net income is presented and the statement in which other comprehensive income is presented. In December 2011, the FASB issued guidance which indefinitely defers the guidance related to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. The Company expects to present comprehensive income in two separate but consecutive statements upon adoption, beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2013. Other than the change in presentation, the adoption is not expected to have an impact on FactSet’s consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill Impairment Testing
In September 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard update intended to simplify how an entity tests goodwill for impairment. The guidance will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. An entity no longer will be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. This accounting standard update is effective for FactSet beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
4. FAIR VALUE MEASURES
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
(a) Fair Value Hierarchy
The accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value based on the reliability of inputs. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. FactSet has categorized its cash equivalents, investments and derivatives within the hierarchy as follows:
Level 1 – applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. These Level 1 assets and liabilities include FactSet’s corporate money market funds that are classified as cash equivalents.
Level 2 – applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. The Company’s certificates of deposit and derivative instruments are classified as Level 2.
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Level 3 – applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. There were no Level 3 assets or liabilities held by FactSet as of May 31, 2012 or August 31, 2011.
(b) Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables shows by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at May 31, 2012 and August 31, 2011 (in thousands):
The Company did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the periods presented.
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Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were presented on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at May 31, 2012 and August 31, 2011 as follows (in thousands):
(c) Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis
Certain assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, and liabilities, are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances such as when they are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired. The fair values of these non-financial assets and liabilities are determined based on valuation techniques using the best information available, and may include quoted market prices, market comparables, and discounted cash flow projections. An impairment charge is recorded when the cost exceeds its fair value and this condition is determined to be other-than-temporary. During the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, no fair value adjustments or material fair value measurements were required for the Company’s non-financial assets or liabilities.
5. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND INVESTMENTS
Cash and Cash Equivalents - consist of demand deposits and corporate money market funds with maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition and are reported at fair value.
The following table summarizes the Company’s cash and cash equivalents at May 31, 2012 (in thousands):
The following table summarizes the Company’s cash and cash equivalents at August 31, 2011 (in thousands):
Investments - during the first quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company purchased $15.0 million of certificates of deposit with maturity dates ranging from nine months to twelve months from purchase date. These certificates of deposit are held for investment and are not debt securities. For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, interest income from the certificates of deposit was $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively. The fair value of the certificates of deposit at May 31, 2012 was $13.6 million and reported as investments (short-term) in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The impact of foreign currency reduced the fair value by $2.2 million as these certificates of deposit are held in Indian Rupees. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments portfolio did not experience any realized or unrealized losses as a result of counterparty credit risk or ratings change during fiscal 2012 and 2011.
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6. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
Foreign Exchange Risk Management
FactSet conducts business outside the U.S. in several currencies including the British Pound Sterling, Euro, Japanese Yen, Indian Rupee and Philippine Peso. As such, it is exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates compared to the U.S. dollar. To manage the exposures related to the effects of foreign exchange rate fluctuations, the Company utilizes derivative instruments (foreign currency forward contracts). The Company’s primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency. The Company does not enter into foreign exchange forward contracts for trading or speculative purposes.
Cash Flow Hedges
FactSet enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce the effects of foreign currency fluctuations. In designing a specific hedging approach, FactSet considered several factors, including offsetting exposures, significance of exposures, forecasting risk and potential effectiveness of the hedge. The gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts offset the variability in operating expenses associated with currency movements. There was no discontinuance of cash flow hedges during fiscal 2012 or fiscal 2011 and as such, no corresponding gains or losses were reclassified into earnings. The changes in fair value for these foreign currency forward contracts are initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (“AOCLI”) and subsequently reclassified into operating expenses when the hedged exposure affects earnings.
New Hedging Contracts in Fiscal 2012 - During the first quarter of fiscal 2012, FactSet entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge approximately 90% of its Indian Rupee exposure through the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2013. In the third quarter of fiscal 2012, additional forward contracts were entered into to hedge approximately 75% of the Company’s Indian Rupee exposure beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2013 and through the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2014.
Existing Hedging Contracts from Fiscal 2011- During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, FactSet entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge approximately 95% of its Japanese Yen operating income through the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011. In the second half of fiscal 2010, FactSet entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge approximately 95% of its net Euro exposure through the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2012.
At May 31, 2012 the notional principal and fair value of foreign exchange contracts to purchase Indian Rupees with U.S. dollars was $30.0 million and ($3.7) million, respectively. At May 31, 2012, there were no other outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts.
The following is a summary of all hedging positions and corresponding fair values (in thousands):
Subsequent to the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2012, FactSet entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge approximately 50% of its Euro exposure through the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2013. The notional amount of foreign exchange contracts to purchase Euros with U.S. dollars was €11.9 million at an average forward contract rate of 1.25.
Counterparty Credit Risk
As a result of the use of derivative instruments, the Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk. FactSet has incorporated counterparty risk into the fair value of its derivative assets and its own credit risk into the value of the Company’s derivative liabilities. FactSet calculates credit risk from observable data related to credit default swaps (“CDS”) as quoted by publicly available information. Counterparty risk is represented by CDS spreads related to the senior secured debt of the respective bank with whom FactSet has executed these derivative transactions. Because CDS spread information is not available for FactSet, the Company’s credit risk is determined based on using a simple average of CDS spreads for peer companies as determined by FactSet.
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To mitigate counterparty credit risk, FactSet enters into contracts with large financial institutions. The Company regularly reviews its credit exposure balances as well as the creditworthiness of the counterparties. The Company does not expect any losses as a result of default of its counterparties.
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
The following tables provide a summary of the fair value amounts of derivative instruments and gains and losses on derivative instruments (in thousands):
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships for the three months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships for the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
Note: No amount of ineffectiveness was recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income for these designated cash flow hedges and all components of each derivative’s gain or loss was included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
The following table provides a summary of the activity associated with all of the Company’s designated cash flow hedges reflected in AOCLI (in thousands):
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7. SEGMENT REPORTING
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the enterprise’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. FactSet’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer, who is responsible for making decisions about resources allocated amongst the operating segments based on actual results.
FactSet’s reportable segments are aligned with how the Company, including its CODM, manages the business and the demographic markets in which FactSet serves. The Company’s internal financial reporting structure is based on three reportable segments; U.S., Europe and Asia Pacific. FactSet believes this alignment helps it better manage the business and view the markets the Company serves, which are centered on providing integrated global financial and economic information. Sales, consulting, data collection and software engineering are the primary functional groups within the U.S., Europe and Asia Pacific segments that provide global financial and economic information to investment managers, investment banks and other financial services professionals. The U.S. segment services finance professionals including financial institutions throughout North America, while the European and Asia Pacific segments service investment professionals located throughout Europe and Asia.
The European segment is headquartered in London, England and maintains office locations in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Dubai and Italy. The Asia Pacific segment is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan with office locations in Hong Kong, Australia, India and the Philippines. Segment revenues reflect direct sales to clients based in their respective geographic locations. There are no intersegment or intercompany sales of the FactSet service. Each segment records compensation, including stock-based compensation, data collection costs, amortization of intangible assets, depreciation of furniture and fixtures, amortization of leasehold improvements, communication costs, professional fees, rent expense, travel, marketing, office and other direct expenses. Expenditures associated with the Company’s data centers and corporate headquarters charges are recorded by the U.S. segment and are not allocated to the other segments. Of the total $222 million of goodwill reported by the Company at May 31, 2012, 66% was recorded in the U.S. segment, 32% in the European segment and the remaining 2% in the Asia Pacific segment.
The following reflects the results of operations of the segments consistent with the Company’s management system. These results are used, in part, by management, both in evaluating the performance of, and in allocating resources to, each of the segments (in thousands).
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8. GOODWILL
There was no goodwill acquired during fiscal 2012. Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the nine months ended May 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates goodwill at the reporting unit level for indications of potential impairment. Goodwill is tested for impairment based on the present value of discounted cash flows, and, if impaired, written down to fair value based on discounted cash flows. The Company has three reporting units, which are consistent with the operating segments reported because there is no discrete financial information available for the subsidiaries within each operating segment. The Company’s reporting units evaluated for potential impairment were U.S., Europe and Asia Pacific, which reflects the level of internal reporting the Company uses to manage its business and operations. The Company performed an annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of fiscal years 2011, 2010, and 2009, which determined that there were no reporting units that were deemed at risk. The fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units significantly exceeded carrying value, thus there had been no impairment.
9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
FactSet’s identifiable intangible assets consist of acquired content databases, client relationships, software technology, non-compete agreements and trade names resulting from previous acquisitions, which have been fully integrated into the Company’s operations. The weighted average useful life of all acquired intangible assets is 12.0 years at May 31, 2012.
The Company amortizes intangible assets over their estimated useful lives. Amortizable intangible assets are tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows, and, if impaired, written down to fair value based on discounted cash flows. No impairment of intangible assets has been identified during any of the periods presented. The intangible assets have no assigned residual values.
The gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization totals related to the Company’s identifiable intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):
There were no intangible assets acquired during fiscal 2012. The change in the gross carrying amount of intangible assets at May 31, 2012 as compared to August 31, 2011 was due to foreign currency translations.
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Amortization expense recorded for intangible assets was $1.8 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amortization expense recorded for intangible assets was $5.5 million and $6.4 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of May 31, 2012, estimated intangible asset amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
10. COMMON STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE
On May 8, 2012, FactSet’s Board of Directors approved a 15% increase in the regular quarterly dividend, beginning with the Company’s dividend payment in June 2012 of $0.31 per share, or $1.24 per share per annum. The cash dividend of $13.9 million was paid on June 19, 2012, to common stockholders of record on May 31, 2012. Shares of common stock outstanding were as follows (in thousands):
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the number of weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the number of weighted average common shares outstanding during the period increased by the dilutive effect of potential common shares outstanding during the period. The number of potential common shares outstanding has been determined in accordance with the treasury stock method to the extent they are dilutive. Common share equivalents consist of common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding share-based compensation awards, including employee stock options and restricted stock. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise price paid by the optionee, future stock-based compensation expense that the Company has not yet recognized and the amount of tax benefits that would be recorded in additional paid-in capital when the award becomes deductible are assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
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A reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
Dilutive potential common shares consist of stock options and unvested restricted stock awards. The number of stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012 was 6,408 and 347,272, respectively, because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. No stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended May 31, 2011. However, for the nine months ended May 31, 2011, there were 1,424 stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. The number of restricted stock awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended May 31, 2012 was 30,090. No restricted stock awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended May 31, 2011. For the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011, the number of restricted stock awards excluded was 30,456 and 5,015, respectively.
For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, the number of performance-based stock option grants excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share was 2,295,768. Similarly, 2,514,891 performance-based stock option grants were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2011. Performance-based stock options should be omitted from the calculation of diluted earnings per share until the performance criteria have been met. The criteria had not yet been met at May 31, 2012 and 2011 for these performance-based stock options.
11. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred Stock
At May 31, 2012 and August 31, 2011, there were 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock ($.01 par value per share) authorized, of which no shares were issued and outstanding. FactSet’s Board of Directors may from time to time authorize the issuance of one or more series of preferred stock and, in connection with the creation of such series, determine the characteristics of each such series including, without limitation, the preference and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of the series.
Common Stock
At the fiscal 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”) of FactSet held on December 13, 2011, the stockholders of FactSet voted on and approved an amendment to the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01, of FactSet from 100,000,000 to 150,000,000 shares. Such amendment to FactSet’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation had previously been approved on October 24, 2011, by the Company’s Board of Directors. On December 16, 2011, a Certificate of Amendment was filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware to effect, as of such date, the foregoing amendment of the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The newly authorized shares of common stock are issuable for any proper corporate purpose, including future stock splits, stock dividends, acquisitions, raising equity capital or to adopt additional employee benefit plans. These additional shares provide the Company the flexibility to issue shares for future corporate needs without potential expense or delay incident to obtaining stockholder approval for any particular issuance.
Treasury Stock
On December 31, 2011, FactSet retired 16,658,741 shares of treasury stock. These retired shares are now included in the Company’s pool of authorized but unissued shares. The retired treasury stock was initially recorded using the cost method and had a carrying value of $850.9 million at December 31, 2011. The Company’s accounting policy upon the formal retirement of treasury stock is to deduct its par value from common stock ($0.2 million), reduce additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) by the amount recorded in APIC when the stock was originally issued ($361.4 million) and any remaining excess of cost as a deduction from retained earnings ($489.3 million).
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Share Repurchase Program
On May 8, 2012, FactSet’s Board of Directors approved a $200 million expansion to the existing share repurchase program. During the first nine months of fiscal 2012, the Company repurchased 933,800 shares for $86.9 million under the existing share repurchase program, including 276,000 shares repurchased for $27.3 million during the third quarter of fiscal 2012. At May 31, 2012, $256 million remains authorized for future share repurchases. Repurchases will be made from time to time in the open market and privately negotiated transactions, subject to market conditions. No minimum number of shares to be repurchased has been fixed. There is no timeframe to complete the repurchase program and it is expected that share repurchases will be paid using existing and future cash generated by operations.
Restricted Stock
Restricted stock awards entitle the holder to shares of common stock as the awards vest over time. During the first nine months of fiscal 2012, FactSet did not grant restricted stock awards. The Company’s restricted stock awards granted in fiscal 2011 vest between five and six years and are amortized to stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period.
Dividends
The Company’s Board of Directors declared the following historical dividends:
All of the above cash dividends were paid from existing cash resources. Future dividend payments will depend on the Company’s earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other factors considered relevant by the Company and is subject to final determination by the Company’s Board of Directors.
12. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Comprehensive Income
The components of comprehensive income were as follows for the periods presented (in thousands):
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows (in thousands):
13. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION AND RETIREMENT PLANS
During the first nine months of fiscal 2012, FactSet granted 1,085,144 stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $94.84 to existing employees of the Company.
A summary of stock option activity is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
The total number of in-the-money options exercisable as of May 31, 2012 was 2.7 million with a weighted average exercise price of $46.16. As of August 31, 2011, 2.6 million in-the-money outstanding options were exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of $38.99. The aggregate intrinsic value of in-the-money stock options exercisable at May 31, 2012 and August 31, 2011 was $160.3 million and $129.3 million, respectively. Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the Company’s closing stock price of $105.43 at May 31, 2012 and the exercise price multiplied by the number of options exercisable as of that date. The total pre-tax intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 was $18.9 million and $15.5 million, respectively. The total pre-tax intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 was $37.5 million and $65.0 million, respectively.
Performance-based Stock Options
Performance-based stock options require management to make assumptions regarding the likelihood of achieving Company performance targets. The number of performance-based options that vest will be predicated on the Company achieving performance levels for both organic ASV and diluted earnings per share during the two fiscal years subsequent to the date of grant. Dependent on the financial performance levels attained by FactSet during the two subsequent fiscal years, 0%, 20%, 60% or 100% of the performance-based stock options will vest to the grantees of those stock options. However, there is no current guarantee that such options will vest in whole or in part.
November 2010 Annual Employee Performance-based Option Grant Review
In November 2010, the Company granted 734,334 performance-based employee stock options. The number of performance-based options that vest is based on the Company achieving performance levels for both organic ASV and diluted earnings per share during the two fiscal years ended August 31, 2012. At May 31, 2012, the Company estimated that 20% or 146,867 of the performance-based stock options would vest which results in unamortized stock-based compensation expense of $1.6 million to be recognized over the remaining vesting period of 3.4 years.
Organic ASV growth by the Company of less than $32 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 would result in a two year annual compounded growth rate of less than 11%. This outcome would be below expectations and require FactSet to reverse $1.4 million of previously recognized stock-based compensation expense during the fourth quarter (equal to approximately $0.02 per diluted share). The amount of the stock-based compensation reversal equal to $1.4 million represents the one-time cumulative adjustment to be recorded if there had been a change in the vesting percentage from 20% to 0% as of May 31, 2012. The one-time cumulative adjustment would also decrease the total unamortized stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the remaining vesting period from $1.6 million to zero.
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November 2011 Annual Employee Performance-based Option Grant Review
In November 2011, the Company granted 665,551 performance-based employee stock options. The number of performance-based options that vest is based on the Company achieving performance levels for both organic ASV and diluted earnings per share during the two fiscal years ended August 31, 2013. During the third quarter of fiscal 2012, FactSet estimated that it was not probable the Company would achieve the required ASV and diluted earnings per share growth due to the Company’s decelerating ASV growth rate. This revised estimate reflects a lower performance level than previously estimated and accordingly, decreased the number of performance-based options that are estimated to vest at the end of fiscal 2013 to zero. As such, at May 31, 2012, the Company has estimated that none (0%) of the performance-based stock options will vest, down from 20% or 133,110 performance-based stock options in previous periods. The change in the expected outcome of performance-based stock options required the Company to reverse $0.4 million of stock-based compensation in the third quarter of fiscal 2012.
A further change in the actual financial performance levels achieved by FactSet due to an acceleration in ASV growth rates in future periods could result in the following changes to the Company’s current estimate of the vesting percentage and related expense (in thousands):
* Amounts represent the cumulative catch-up adjustment to be recorded if there had been a change in the vesting percentage as of May 31, 2012. The cumulative adjustment increments each quarter by approximately the amount stated in the average remaining quarterly expense to be recognized column.
Other Performance-based Option Grants
Between June 2010 and July 2011, the Company granted 950,923 performance-based employee stock options that vest based on FactSet achieving certain ASV targets. At May 31, 2012, the Company estimated that 204,508 of the performance-based stock options will vest which results in unamortized stock-based compensation expense of $0.8 million to be recognized over the remaining vesting period of approximately 1.4 years.
A change in the actual financial performance levels achieved by FactSet due to unforeseen significant ASV growth in future fiscal years could result in the following changes to the Company’s current estimate of the vesting percentage and related expense (in thousands):
* Amounts represent the cumulative catch-up adjustment to be recorded if there had been a change in the vesting percentage as of May 31, 2012.
Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Awards
The Company’s option plan permits the issuance of restricted stock and restricted stock units. Restricted stock awards are subject to continued employment over a specified period. A summary of restricted stock award activity is as follows (in thousands, except per award data):
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There were no restricted stock awards granted during the first nine months of fiscal 2012.
During the first nine months of fiscal 2011, the following restricted stock award was granted.
November 2010 Employee Restricted Stock Award
In November 2010, the Company granted 117,723 restricted stock awards which entitle the holder to shares of common stock as the awards vest over time. The Company’s restricted stock awards cliff vest 60% after three years and the remaining 40% after five years. Restricted stock grants are amortized to expense over the vesting period using the straight-line attribution method. Employees granted restricted stock awards in November 2010 are not entitled to dividends declared on the underlying shares while the restricted stock is unvested. As such, the grant date fair value of the award was measured by reducing the grant date price of FactSet’s share by the present value of the dividends expected to be paid on the underlying shares during the requisite service period, discounted at the appropriate risk-free interest rate. The resulting fair value of the restricted stock awards granted in November 2010 was $84.38. As of May 31, 2012, unamortized stock-based compensation expense of $5.7 million is to be amortized to compensation expense over the remaining vesting period of 3.4 years.
April 2011 Employee Restricted Stock Award
On April 14, 2011, the Company granted 30,090 restricted stock awards to employees which entitle the holder to shares of common stock as the award vests over time, but are not entitled to dividends declared on the underlying shares while the restricted stock is unvested. The restricted stock awards cliff vest 100% after three years and are amortized to expense over the vesting period using the straight-line attribution method. The weighted average fair value of the restricted stock awards granted on April 14, 2011 was $99.75. As of May 31, 2012, unamortized stock-based compensation expense of $1.9 million is to be amortized to compensation expense over the remaining vesting period of 1.9 years.
Other Employee Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Awards
Between November 2010 and January 2011, the Company granted 5,376 restricted stock awards which entitle the holder to shares of common stock as the awards vest over time. As of May 31, 2012, unamortized stock-based compensation expense of $0.1 million is to be amortized to compensation expense over the remaining vesting period of 1.7 years.
Share-based Awards Available for Grant
A summary of share-based awards available for grant is as follows (in thousands):
* Under the Company’s option plan, for each restricted stock award canceled/forfeited, an equivalent of 2.5 shares is added back to the available share-based awards balance.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
On December 16, 2008, the Company’s stockholders ratified the adoption of the FactSet Research Systems Inc. 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”). A total of 500,000 shares have been reserved for issuance under the Purchase Plan. There is no expiration date for the Purchase Plan. Shares of FactSet common stock may be purchased by eligible employees under the Purchase Plan in three-month intervals at a purchase price equal to at least 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on either the first day or the last day of each three-month offering period. Employee purchases may not exceed 10% of their gross compensation during an offering period.
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During the three months ended May 31, 2012, employees purchased 22,011 shares at a weighted average price of $74.60 as compared to 18,053 shares at a weighted average price of $87.02 in the same period a year ago. At May 31, 2012, 215,671 shares were reserved for future issuance under the Purchase Plan.
401(k) Plan
The Company established a 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) in fiscal 1993. The 401(k) Plan is a defined contribution plan covering all full-time, U.S. employees of the Company and is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Each year, participants may contribute up to 60% of their eligible annual compensation, subject to annual limitations established by the Internal Revenue Code. The Company matches up to 4% of employees’ earnings, capped at the IRS annual maximum. Company matching contributions are subject to a five year graduated vesting schedule. All full-time, U.S. employees are eligible for the matching contribution by the Company. The Company contributed $4.9 million and $4.3 million in matching contributions to employee 401(k) accounts during the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Accounting guidance requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including stock options, restricted stock and common shares acquired under employee stock purchases based on estimated fair values of the share awards that are scheduled to vest during the period. As stock-based compensation expense recognized is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Forfeitures were estimated based on historical experience.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
* For the purposes of calculating the tax effect above, stock-based compensation was taxed at the effective tax rates. For the three months ended May 31, 2012, the effective tax rate was 30.4%. For the three months ended May 31, 2011, the effective tax rate was 30.1%.
As of May 31, 2012, $40.1 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.1 years. There was no stock-based compensation capitalized as of May 31, 2012 or August 31, 2011, respectively.
Employee Stock Option Fair Value Determinations
The Company utilizes the lattice-binomial option-pricing model (“binomial model”) to estimate the fair value of new employee stock option grants. The Company’s determination of fair value of stock option awards on the date of grant using the binomial model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of variables. These variables include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, interest rates, option forfeitures and employee stock option exercise behaviors.
Fiscal 2012
Fiscal 2011
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The weighted average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted was determined using the binomial model with the following weighted average assumptions:
The risk-free interest rate assumption for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Expected volatility is based on a combination of historical volatility of the Company’s stock and implied volatilities of publicly traded options to buy FactSet common stock with contractual terms closest to the expected life of options granted to employees. The approach to utilize a mix of historical and implied volatility was based upon the availability of actively traded options on the Company’s stock and the Company’s assessment that a combination of implied volatility and historical volatility is best representative of future stock price trends. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee termination within the valuation model. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts. The expected life of employee stock options represents the weighted average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is a derived output of the binomial model. The binomial model estimates employees exercise behavior is based on the option’s remaining vested life and the extent to which the option is in-the-money. The binomial model estimates the probability of exercise as a function of these two variables based on the entire history of exercises and cancellations of all past option grants made by the Company.
Non-Employee Director Stock Option Fair Value Determinations
The 2008 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan (the “Directors’ Plan”) provides for the grant of share-based awards, including stock options, to non-employee directors of FactSet. A total of 250,000 shares of FactSet common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Directors’ Plan. The expiration date of the Directors’ Plan is December 1, 2018.
The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes model to estimate the fair value of new non-employee Director stock option grants. The Company’s determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of variables. These variables include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, interest rates, option forfeitures and employee stock option exercise behaviors.
Fiscal 2012
On January 13, 2012, FactSet granted 20,976 stock options to the Company’s non-employee Directors, including a one-time new Director grant of 5,244 stock options for Robin A. Abrams, who was elected to FactSet’s Board of Directors on December 13, 2011. All of the options granted on January 13, 2012 have a weighted average estimated fair value of $24.79 per share, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
Fiscal 2011
On January 14, 2011, 14,514 stock options were granted to the Company’s non-employee Directors with a weighted average estimated fair value of $26.87 per share, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
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The risk-free interest rate assumption for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercises and non-employee director terminations within the valuation model. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts.
Restricted Stock Fair Value Determinations
Restricted stock granted to employees entitle the holder to shares of common stock as the award vests over time, but not to dividends declared on the underlying shares while the restricted stock is unvested. The grant date fair value of restricted stock awards are measured by reducing the grant date price of FactSet’s share by the present value of the dividends expected to be paid on the underlying stock during the requisite service period, discounted at the appropriate risk-free interest rate. Restricted stock awards are amortized to expense over the vesting period.
Fiscal 2012
Fiscal 2011
Employee Stock Purchase Plan Fair Value Determinations
During the three months ended May 31, 2012, employees purchased 22,011 shares at a weighted average price of $74.60 as compared to 18,053 shares at a weighted average price of $87.02 in the same period a year ago. During the first nine months of fiscal 2012, employees purchased 64,867 shares at a weighted average price of $74.17 as compared to 56,659 shares at a weighted average price of $75.58 in the same period a year ago.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes model to calculate the estimated fair value for the employee stock purchase plan. The weighted average estimated fair value of employee stock purchase plan grants during the three months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 were $14.84 and $16.97 per share, respectively, with the following weighted average assumptions:
The weighted average estimated fair value of employee stock purchase plan grants during the nine months ended May 31, 2012 and 2011 were $15.40 and $14.71 per share, respectively, with the following weighted average assumptions:
Accuracy of Fair Value Estimates
The Company is responsible for determining the assumptions used in estimating the fair value of its share-based payment awards. The Company’s determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, interest rates, option forfeiture rates and actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. Option-pricing models were developed for use in estimating the value of traded options that have no vesting or hedging restrictions and are fully transferable.
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15. INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense is based on taxable income determined in accordance with current enacted laws and tax rates. Deferred income taxes are recorded for the temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes by geographic operations is as follows (in thousands):
The following table provides details of income taxes (in thousands, except percentages):
* The expiration of the U.S. Federal R&D tax credit on December 31, 2011 increased the annual effective tax rate by 1.3%.
** The Company’s annual effective tax rate before discrete items for fiscal 2011 was 31.0%. During the second quarter of fiscal 2011, FactSet recorded $4.9 million of income tax benefits from the reenactment of the U.S. Federal R&D credit in December 2010, which resulted in an actual effective tax rate of 27.6% for the nine months ended May 31, 2011.
The components of the provision for income taxes consist of the following (in thousands):
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Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The significant components of deferred tax assets that are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in thousands):
The significant components of deferred tax liabilities that are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in thousands):
A provision has not been made for additional U.S. Federal taxes as of May 31, 2012 on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries, except for France, because the Company intends to reinvest these funds indefinitely to support foreign growth opportunities. The amount of such undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries included in consolidated retained earnings was immaterial at May 31, 2012 and August 31, 2011. It is not practicable to estimate the unrecognized deferred tax liability on these undistributed earnings. These earnings could become subject to additional tax if they are remitted as dividends, loaned to FactSet, or upon sale of the subsidiary’s stock.
Unrecognized Tax Positions
Applicable accounting guidance prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, classification and disclosure of uncertain tax positions that a company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. A company can recognize the financial effect of an income tax position only if it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the tax position will prevail upon tax examination, based solely on the technical merits of the tax position. Otherwise, no benefit or expense can be recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The tax benefits recognized are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Additionally, companies are required to accrue interest and related penalties, if applicable, on all tax exposures for which reserves have been established consistent with jurisdictional tax laws.
As of May 31, 2012, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits totaling $5.3 million, including $0.9 million of accrued interest, recorded as non-current taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheet. Unrecognized tax benefits represent tax positions taken on tax returns but not yet recognized in the consolidated financial statements. When applicable, the Company adjusts the previously recorded tax expense to reflect examination results when the position is effectively settled. The Company regularly engages in discussions and negotiations with tax authorities regarding tax matters in various jurisdictions. It is reasonably possible that certain federal, foreign, and state tax matters may be concluded in the next 12 months. However, FactSet has no reason to believe that such audits will result in the payment of additional taxes and/or penalties that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position, beyond current estimates. Any changes in accounting estimates resulting from new developments with respect to uncertain tax positions will be recorded as appropriate. The Company does not currently anticipate that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next 12 months.
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The following table summarizes the changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits during the first nine months of fiscal 2012 (in thousands):
In the normal course of business, the Company’s tax filings are subject to audit by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. At May 31, 2012, the Company remained subject to examination in the following major tax jurisdictions for the tax years as indicated below:
16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments represent obligations, such as those for future purchases of goods or services that are not yet recorded on the balance sheet as liabilities. FactSet records liabilities for commitments when incurred (i.e., when the goods or services are received).
Lease Commitments
At May 31, 2012, the Company leases approximately 193,000 square feet of office space at its headquarters in Norwalk, Connecticut. In addition, FactSet leases office space for its U.S. reportable segment in New York, New York; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; San Mateo, California; Austin, Texas; Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Newark and Piscataway, New Jersey; Manchester, New Hampshire; and Reston, Virginia. The Company’s European segment operates in leased office space in London, England; Paris and Avon, France; Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Frankfurt, Germany; Dubai, United Arab Emirates; and Milan, Italy. Office space in Tokyo, Japan; Hong Kong; Mumbai, India; and Sydney, Australia are leased by FactSet for its Asia Pacific operating segment. The data content collection centers located in Hyderabad, India and Manila, the Philippines benefit all of the Companies operating segments. The leases expire on various dates through March 2021. Total minimum rental payments associated with the leases are recorded as rent expense (a component of selling, general and administrative expenses) on a straight-line basis over the periods of the respective non-cancelable lease terms. The Company believes that its leased office space is adequate for its current needs and that additional space is available for lease to meet any future needs.
During the first nine months of fiscal 2012, FactSet entered into the following new lease agreements:
Partially offsetting new lease agreements entered into during fiscal 2012 was the consolidation of the East Grinstead office into the larger London office. This consolidation was completed in March 2012 and resulted in a reduction in leased office space by 3,853 rentable square feet. At the time FactSet exited the office space in East Grinstead in March 2012, there were seven months remaining on the lease and less than $0.1 million in remaining rental payments due.
Including the new lease agreements entered into during the first nine months of fiscal 2012, the Company’s worldwide leased office space increased to approximately 763,200 square feet at May 31, 2012, up 5% from August 31, 2011.
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At May 31, 2012, the Company’s lease commitments for office space provide for the f | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||